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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dsaOVmfqKa-GG4hNVFb6Bm99XeK9O2pJ/view?usp=sharing The PDF content provides an overview of several key programming language paradigms: Functional Programming Languages (FPLs) , Logic Programming Languages (LPLs) , and Scripting Languages . Educational Summary (approx. 150 words) Functional Programming Languages (FPLs), such as LISP, ML, and Haskell, are designed based on mathematical functions, prioritising suitability for software development over hardware efficiency. A fundamental feature is referential transparency , meaning a function with the same inputs always produces the same output. FPLs use concepts like lambda expressions  for nameless functions and functional forms  for building complex functions. In contrast, Logic Programming Languages (LPLs), like Prologue, are declarative ; they express programs in symbolic logic and use logical inferencing, stating what  the result should be rather than the detailed procedures ...