https://drive.google.com/file/d/16-nn5NyhuD1ZOBdPaOtS8WeqLHrq3deD/view?usp=sharing
The provided document offers a comprehensive overview of operating system (OS) concepts, starting with the definition and goals of an OS as an intermediary between the user and hardware. It delves into the various functions of an OS, including process management, memory management, file management, and I/O system management. The document explores different types and evolutions of operating systems, such as batch, multiprogramming, time-sharing, and distributed systems. Core concepts like the process state model (New, Running, Blocked, Ready, Terminated) and CPU scheduling algorithms like FCFS, SJF, Priority, and Round-Robin are explained. Furthermore, it covers advanced topics like deadlocks, including the necessary conditions (Mutual Exclusion, Hold and Wait, No-Preemption, Circular Wait), and memory management techniques such as paging and segmentation.
Here are 5 key bullet points of the specific topics covered with a brief definition for each:
Here are 5 key bullet points of the specific topics covered with a brief definition for each:
- Process - A program in execution, requiring resources like CPU time, memory, and I/O devices to accomplish its task.
- Kernel - The core program of an OS that runs at all times and interacts with the hardware, managing fundamental system operations.
- Deadlock - A state where a set of processes is stuck, with each process waiting for a resource that can only be released by another process in the same set.
- Paging - A memory-management scheme where logical memory is divided into fixed-size blocks called pages, and physical memory is divided into fixed-size blocks called frames, allowing non-contiguous allocation.
- Shortest-Job-First (SJF) Scheduling - A CPU scheduling algorithm that assigns the CPU to the process with the smallest next CPU burst time, often resulting in the minimum average waiting time.
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